Olympiad Maths Prep

Track / Stage 6 / 5 of 400 #1005 of 2000

Problem 1005

National olympiad, first round
Geometry Difficulty 6.0 Prove it

[ Quadrilaterals (miscellaneous).]

Given a convex quadrilateral ABCD;A1,B1,C1A B C D ; A_{1}, B_{1}, C_{1} and D1D_{1} are the centers of the circumscribed circles of triangles BCD,CDA,DABB C D, C D A, D A B and ABCA B C. Similarly, for quadrilateral A1B1C1D1A_{1} B_{1} C_{1} D_{1}, points A2,B2,C2A_{2}, B_{2}, C_{2} and D2D_{2} are defined. Prove that quadrilaterals ABCDA B C D and A2B2C2D2A_{2} B_{2} C_{2} D_{2} are similar, with the similarity coefficient equal to (ctgA+\mid(\operatorname{ctg} A+ ctgC)(ctgB+ctgD)/4\operatorname{ctg} C)(\operatorname{ctg} B+\operatorname{ctg} D) / 4

This one wants a proof. Work it on paper, read the official solution, then mark yourself honestly — the ladder only means something if the record is true.

Official solution

Points C1C_{1} and D1D_{1} lie on the perpendicular bisector of segment ABA B, so ABC1D1A B \perp C_{1} D_{1}. Similarly, C1D1C_{1} D_{1} \perp A2B2A_{2} B_{2}, which means ABA2B2A B \parallel A_{2} B_{2}. Similarly, it can be proven that the corresponding sides and diagonals of quadrilaterals ABCDA B C D and A2B2C2D2A_{2} B_{2} C_{2} D_{2} are parallel. Therefore, these quadrilaterals are similar.

Let MM be the midpoint of segment ACA C. Then B1M=AMctgDB_{1} M=|A M \operatorname{ctg} D| and D1M=AMctgBD_{1} M=|A M \operatorname{ctg} B|, and B1D1=ctgB+ctgDAC/2B_{1} D_{1}=|\operatorname{ctg} B+\operatorname{ctg} D| \cdot A C / 2. If we rotate quadrilateral A1B1C1D1A_{1} B_{1} C_{1} D_{1} by 9090^{\circ}, then, using the result of problem 6.25, we get that this quadrilateral is convex, and ctgA=ctgC1\operatorname{ctg} A=-\operatorname{ctg} C_{1}, etc. Therefore, A2C2=ctgA+ctgCB1D1/2=(ctgA+ctgC)(ctgB+ctgD)/4ACA_{2} C_{2}=|\operatorname{ctg} A+\operatorname{ctg} C| \cdot B_{1} D_{1} / 2=|(\operatorname{ctg} A+\operatorname{ctg} C)(\operatorname{ctg} B+\operatorname{ctg} D) / 4| \cdot A C.

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic, difficulty and ordering added by this site.