3. Let be a finite set of real numbers, and be non-empty subsets of , satisfying:
(1) The sum of all elements in is 0;
(2) For any , we have .
Prove: There exist , such that ,
where denotes the number of elements in the finite set .
3. Let be a finite set of real numbers, and be non-empty subsets of , satisfying:
(1) The sum of all elements in is 0;
(2) For any , we have .
Prove: There exist , such that ,
where denotes the number of elements in the finite set .
3. Let . Then, by condition (1), we have
Consider the smallest number in each , and let , contain exactly sets whose smallest number is , ).
Thus, , and by condition (2) we have
For , there are sets, all of whose smallest numbers are greater than or equal to . Therefore, the union of these sets is contained in , and the number of elements is at most .
Next, we prove by contradiction:
There exists , such that
Assume that for , we have
By Abel's transformation (note that , )
\begin{aligned}
0 & \frac{s n}{m}
There are sets, and the union of these sets has at most elements, i.e.,