1. Define Variables and Initial Conditions:
Let n≥4 be the number of players in the tournament. Each player i has wi wins and li losses. Since every player plays exactly one game with every other player, we have:
wi+li=n−1for all i.
2. Sum of Wins and Losses:
Since each game results in one win and one loss, the total number of wins is equal to the total number of losses:
i=1∑nwi=i=1∑nli=S1.
3. Sum of Squares of Wins and Losses:
The number of configurations where a player A beats players B and C is given by:
i=1∑n(2wi)=i=1∑n(2li).
This implies:
i=1∑nwi2=i=1∑nli2=S2.
4. Sum of Cubes of Wins and Losses:
The number of configurations where a player A beats players B, C, and D is given by:
i=1∑n(3wi)=i=1∑n(3li).
This implies:
i=1∑nwi3≥i=1∑nli3=S3.
5. **Expression for ∑(wi−li)3:**
Using the identity wi+li=n−1=m, we can express wi−li as:
wi−li=m−2li.
Therefore:
i=1∑n(wi−li)3=i=1∑n(m−2li)3.
6. Expand and Simplify the Cubic Expression:
Expanding (m−2li)3:
(m−2li)3=m3−6m2li+12mli2−8li3.
Summing over all players:
i=1∑n(m−2li)3=i=1∑n(m3−6m2li+12mli2−8li3).
This simplifies to:
i=1∑n(m3−6m2li+12mli2−8li3)=nm3−6m2S1+12mS2−8S3.
7. **Relate to ∑(li−wi)3:**
Similarly, we have:
i=1∑n(li−wi)3=i=1∑n(−(wi−li))3=−i=1∑n(wi−li)3.
Therefore:
Θ=i=1∑n(wi−li)3=−Θ.
8. Conclusion:
Since Θ=−Θ, it follows that:
Θ≥−Θ⟹Θ≥0.
The final answer is i=1∑n(wi−li)3≥0.