In a group of people, there are some mutually friendly pairs. For positive integer we say the group is -great, if every (unordered) -tuple of people from the group can be seated around a round table it the way that all pairs of neighbors are mutually friendly. [i](Since this was the 67th year of CZE/SVK MO,)[/i] show that if the group is 6-great, then it is 7-great as well.
[b]Bonus[/b] (not included in the competition): Determine all positive integers for which, if the group is -great, then it is -great as well.
Problem 1288
Official solution
1. Assume the group is 6-great but not 7-great.
- Consider a graph where vertices represent people and edges represent friendships.
- The group is 6-great if for any choice of 6 vertices, there exists a cycle containing these vertices.
- Assume there are 7 vertices in for which no cycle contains all of them.
2. Choose 7 vertices and analyze the subgraph.
- Let be one of these 7 vertices.
- Since the group is 6-great, there is a cycle containing the remaining 6 vertices.
3. **Analyze the degree of .**
- If more than 3 of the dashed edges (edges connecting to the other 6 vertices) are part of , then there are two neighboring dashed edges, forming a cycle with all 7 vertices, which contradicts our assumption.
- Therefore, .
4. **Consider a cycle containing 6 vertices including .**
- Let be a neighbor of in this cycle.
- Since there is a cycle through the 6 vertices excluding , .
5. Combine the results to find a contradiction.
- From the previous steps, we have .
- Summing the degrees of the 7 vertices, we get , which contradicts the handshaking lemma (which states that the sum of the degrees of all vertices in a graph is even).
6. Conclude that the assumption is false.
- Therefore, there is no group of people that is 6-great but not 7-great.