Olympiad Maths Prep

Track / Stage 6 / 369 of 400 #1369 of 2000

Problem 1369

National olympiad, first round
Geometry Difficulty 6.8 Find the answer

The figure below depicts two congruent triangles with angle measures 4040^\circ, 5050^\circ, and 9090^\circ. What is the measure of the obtuse angle α\alpha formed by the hypotenuses of these two triangles?

[asy]
import olympiad;
size(80);
defaultpen(linewidth(0.8));
draw((0,0)--(3,0)--(0,4.25)--(0,0)^^(0,3)--(4.25,0)--(3,0)^^rightanglemark((0,3),(0,0),(3,0),10));
pair P = intersectionpoint((3,0)--(0,4.25),(0,3)--(4.25,0));
draw(anglemark((4.25,0),P,(0,4.25),10));
label("α\alpha",P,2 * NE);
[/asy]

Official solution

1. We start by noting that the two triangles are congruent right triangles with angles 4040^\circ, 5050^\circ, and 9090^\circ.
2. The hypotenuses of these triangles intersect to form the obtuse angle α\alpha.
3. Consider the quadrilateral formed by the union of the two triangles. This quadrilateral has four angles: two right angles (each 9090^\circ) and two angles formed by the intersection of the hypotenuses.
4. The sum of the interior angles of any quadrilateral is 360360^\circ.
5. We know three of the angles in the quadrilateral: two are 9090^\circ (from the right angles of the triangles), and the other two are the angles formed by the hypotenuses.
6. Let the two angles formed by the hypotenuses be α\alpha and β\beta. Since the triangles are congruent and symmetric, α\alpha and β\beta are equal.
7. Therefore, we can write the equation for the sum of the angles in the quadrilateral as:
90+90+α+β=360 90^\circ + 90^\circ + \alpha + \beta = 360^\circ
8. Since α=β\alpha = \beta, we can substitute β\beta with α\alpha:
90+90+α+α=360 90^\circ + 90^\circ + \alpha + \alpha = 360^\circ
9. Simplifying, we get:
180+2α=360 180^\circ + 2\alpha = 360^\circ
10. Subtracting 180180^\circ from both sides, we find:
2α=180 2\alpha = 180^\circ
11. Dividing both sides by 2, we get:
α=90 \alpha = 90^\circ
12. However, this is incorrect because α\alpha is supposed to be the obtuse angle formed by the hypotenuses. We need to reconsider the angles formed by the hypotenuses.
13. The correct approach is to consider the exterior angle formed by extending one of the hypotenuses. The exterior angle is supplementary to the interior angle formed by the hypotenuses.
14. The interior angle formed by the hypotenuses is 18090=90180^\circ - 90^\circ = 90^\circ.
15. Therefore, the obtuse angle α\alpha is:
18090=90 180^\circ - 90^\circ = 90^\circ
16. This is still incorrect. The correct approach is to consider the angles formed by the hypotenuses directly.
17. The correct measure of the obtuse angle α\alpha is:
360(50+50+90)=360190=170 360^\circ - (50^\circ + 50^\circ + 90^\circ) = 360^\circ - 190^\circ = 170^\circ

The final answer is 170\boxed{170^\circ}.

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic, difficulty and ordering added by this site.