Olympiad Maths Prep

Track / Stage 6 / 338 of 400 #1338 of 2000

Problem 1338

National olympiad, first round
Algebra Difficulty 6.7 Find the answer

For a positive real number [x] [x] be its integer part. For example, [2.711]=2,[7]=7,[6.9]=6[2.711] = 2, [7] = 7, [6.9] = 6. zz is the maximum real number such that [5z\frac{5}{z}] + [6z\frac{6}{z}] = 7. Find the value of20z 20z.

Official solution

1. We are given the floor function x\lfloor x \rfloor, which returns the greatest integer less than or equal to xx. We need to find the maximum real number zz such that 5z+6z=7\lfloor \frac{5}{z} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{6}{z} \rfloor = 7.

2. Let's denote 5z\lfloor \frac{5}{z} \rfloor by aa and 6z\lfloor \frac{6}{z} \rfloor by bb. We are given that a+b=7a + b = 7.

3. Since aa and bb are integers, we need to find values of aa and bb such that a+b=7a + b = 7. The possible pairs (a,b)(a, b) are:
- (3,4)(3, 4)
- (4,3)(4, 3)
- (2,5)(2, 5)
- (5,2)(5, 2)
- (1,6)(1, 6)
- (6,1)(6, 1)
- (0,7)(0, 7)
- (7,0)(7, 0)

4. We need to check which of these pairs satisfy the conditions 5z=a\lfloor \frac{5}{z} \rfloor = a and 6z=b\lfloor \frac{6}{z} \rfloor = b.

5. Let's start with the pair (3,4)(3, 4):
- 5z=3\lfloor \frac{5}{z} \rfloor = 3 implies 35z<43 \leq \frac{5}{z} < 4.
- 6z=4\lfloor \frac{6}{z} \rfloor = 4 implies 46z<54 \leq \frac{6}{z} < 5.

6. Solving these inequalities:
- 35z<43 \leq \frac{5}{z} < 4 implies 54<z53\frac{5}{4} < z \leq \frac{5}{3}.
- 46z<54 \leq \frac{6}{z} < 5 implies 65<z64\frac{6}{5} < z \leq \frac{6}{4}.

7. The intersection of these intervals is:
- 65<z53\frac{6}{5} < z \leq \frac{5}{3} and 54<z64\frac{5}{4} < z \leq \frac{6}{4}.
- The common interval is 65<z64\frac{6}{5} < z \leq \frac{6}{4}.

8. To find the maximum value of zz, we take the upper bound of the interval:
- z=64=1.5z = \frac{6}{4} = 1.5.

9. Therefore, the maximum value of zz is 1.51.5. We need to find 20z20z:
- 20z=20×1.5=3020z = 20 \times 1.5 = 30.

The final answer is 30\boxed{30}.

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic, difficulty and ordering added by this site.