Olympiad Maths Prep

Track / Stage 5 / 148 of 400 #748 of 2000

Problem 748

AIME late
Geometry Difficulty 5.4 Find the answer

Question 147, Given that the base ABCABC of the tetrahedron SABCS-ABC is an equilateral triangle, point AA's projection HH on the face SBCSBC is the orthocenter of SBC\triangle SBC, the dihedral angle HABCH-AB-C is 3030^{\circ}, and SA=2SA=2, then the volume of this tetrahedron is \qquad -

Official solution

Answer: Draw AHSBCAH \perp SBC at HH, draw BHSCBH \perp SC at EE, then SCAH,SCBESC \perp AH, SC \perp BE, so SCSC \perp plane ABEABE, hence SCABSC \perp AB. The projection of SS on plane ABCABC is OO, then SOSO \perp plane ABCABC, by the theorem of three perpendiculars, we know COABCO \perp AB.

Similarly, BOACBO \perp AC, so point OO is the orthocenter of ABC\triangle ABC. Since ABC\triangle ABC is an equilateral triangle, OO is the center of ABC\triangle ABC, thus SA=SB=SC=2SA=SB=SC=2.

Extend COCO to intersect ABAB at FF, then FF is the midpoint of ABAB, and EFABEF \perp AB, so EFC\angle EFC is the plane angle of the dihedral angle HABCH-AB-C, hence EFC=30\angle EFC=30^{\circ}. Therefore, SCO=60\angle SCO=60^{\circ}, so SO=SCsin60=232=3,CO=SCcos60=1SO=SC \cdot \sin 60^{\circ}=2 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}=\sqrt{3}, CO=SC \cdot \cos 60^{\circ}=1, thus SABC=334S_{\triangle ABC}=\frac{3 \sqrt{3}}{4}. Hence VSABC=SABCSO3=334×33=34V_{S-ABC}=\frac{S_{\triangle ABC} \cdot SO}{3}=\frac{\frac{3 \sqrt{3}}{4} \times \sqrt{3}}{3}=\frac{3}{4}.

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic, difficulty and ordering added by this site.