1. We start with the given inequality:
x12+x22+…+xn2≥(x1+x2+…+xn−1)xn
for all real x1,x2,…,xn.
2. To simplify, we rewrite the inequality by isolating xn:
x12+x22+…+xn2−(x1+x2+…+xn−1)xn≥0
3. We complete the square for each term involving xn:
x12+x22+…+xn−12+xn2−(x1+x2+…+xn−1)xn
=i=1∑n−1(xi2−xixn)+xn2
4. We complete the square for each xi:
xi2−xixn=(xi−2xn)2−4xn2
Therefore, the inequality becomes:
i=1∑n−1((xi−2xn)2−4xn2)+xn2≥0
5. Simplifying the sum:
i=1∑n−1(xi−2xn)2−4(n−1)xn2+xn2≥0
i=1∑n−1(xi−2xn)2+(1−4n−1)xn2≥0
6. For the inequality to hold for all x1,x2,…,xn, the coefficient of xn2 must be non-negative:
1−4n−1≥0
4−(n−1)≥0
5−n≥0
n≤5
7. We need to check if the inequality holds for n=2,3,4,5:
- For n=2:
x12+x22≥x1x2
This is true by the AM-GM inequality.
- For n=3:
x12+x22+x32≥(x1+x2)x3
This is true by the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality.
- For n=4:
x12+x22+x32+x42≥(x1+x2+x3)x4
This is true by the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality.
- For n=5:
x12+x22+x32+x42+x52≥(x1+x2+x3+x4)x5
This is true by the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality.
8. Therefore, the inequality holds for n∈{2,3,4,5}.
The final answer is n∈{2,3,4,5}