In the diagram, a figure is drawn on a 6×8 grid using eight semi-circles whose diameters are AB, BC, CD, DE, EF, FG, GH, and HA.
Hide/Reveal Description of Diagram for Question 24
Eight semi-circles connect to form a closed shape on a 6×8 grid. With the bottom left corner of the grid having coordinates (0,0). the coordinates of the end points of the eight diameters are as follows:
A(1,4) and B(3,5) B(3,5) and C(5,5) C(5,5) and D(7,4) D(7,4) and E(7,2) E(7,2) and F(5,2) F(5,2) and G(3,2) G(3,2) and H(1,2) H(1,2) and A(1,4)
Suppose that the area of the figure is x and that y is the closest integer to 100x. What is the sum of the digits of y?
A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.
Solution
Draw line segments from A to B, B to C, C to D, D to E, E to F, F to G, G to H, and H to A, as shown.
[[IMAGE0]]
The line segments BC, DE, EF, FG, GH, and HA each have a length of 2 units.
Hence, the radii of the semicircles with these diameters are all 1, and the areas of the circles with these diameters are all 21π(1)2=2π.
The line segment AB is the hypotenuse of a triangle with legs of length 1 and 2.
By the Pythagorean Theorem, the length of AB is 12+22=5.
The radius of the semicircle with diameter AB is 25, so its area is 21π(25)2=85π.
By similar reasoning, the area of the semicircle with diameter CD is also 85π.
The area of the figure can be computed as the area of hexagon ABCDEH plus the areas of the semicircles with diameters AB, CD, EF, and GH, minus the areas of the semicircles with diameters BC, DE, FG, and AH.
We have already computed the areas of the semicircles, so we now need to compute the area of hexagon ABCDEH.
This hexagon can be viewed as a $3× 6$ rectangle with two “corners” removed. These “corners” are right-angled triangles with hypotenuses AB and CD.
The legs of these two triangles have length 1 and 2, so their areas are each 21×1×2=1.
Thus, the area of hexagon ABCDEH is 3×6−2×1=16.
Using the areas of the semicircles computed earlier, we can now compute the area of the figure as 16+85π+85π+2π+2π−2π−2π−2π−2π=16+4π≈16.78539 Thus, x≈16.78539, so 100x≈1678.539. Rounding to the nearest integer, we get y=1679, so the answer is 1+6+7+9=23.
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