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Geometry Difficulty 5.0 AIME, harder Prove it Brazil

Let PP be a convex 20062006-gon. The 10031003 diagonals connecting opposite vertices and the 10031003 lines connecting the midpoints of opposite sides are concurrent, that is, all 20062006 lines have a common point. Prove that the opposite sides of PP are parallel and congruent.

Solution

Let A1A2A2006A_1A_2\ldots A_{2006} be a polygon such that A1A1004A_1A_{1004}, A2A1005A_2A_{1005}, \ldots, A1003A2006A_{1003}A_{2006} and M1M1004M_1M_{1004}, M2M1005M_2M_{1005}, \ldots, M1003M2006M_{1003}M_{2006} are concurrent at OO, where M1,M2,,M2006M_1, M_2, \ldots, M_{2006} are the midpoints of A1A2,A2A3,,A2006A1A_1A_2, A_2A_3, \ldots, A_{2006}A_1, respectively.

Note that A1A1004A_1A_{1004}, A2A1005A_2A_{1005}, M1M1004M_1M_{1004} are concurrent, so A1A2A1004A1005A_1A_2 \parallel A_{1004}A_{1005}. Similarly, we obtain that any opposite sides are parallel.

Now we have by applying the ratio theorem repetitively, we obtain
OA1OA1004=OA2OA1005==OA1003OA2006=OA1004OA1=OA1005OA2==OA2006OA1003 \frac{OA_1}{OA_{1004}} = \frac{OA_2}{OA_{1005}} = \dots = \frac{OA_{1003}}{OA_{2006}} = \frac{OA_{1004}}{OA_1} = \frac{OA_{1005}}{OA_2} = \dots = \frac{OA_{2006}}{OA_{1003}}
This implies that OO is the midpoint of every main diagonal. Therefore, all opposite sides are congruent and parallel.

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