Maths Olympiad Prep

Library / /6 of 10

, 2019

Geometry Difficulty 5.5 AIME, harder Prove it United States

Problem:

Convex hexagon ABCDEFA B C D E F is drawn in the plane such that ACDFA C D F and ABDEA B D E are parallelograms with area 168168. ACA C and BDB D intersect at GG. Given that the area of AGBA G B is 1010 more than the area of CGBC G B, find the smallest possible area of hexagon ABCDEFA B C D E F.

Solution

Solution:

Since ACDFA C D F and ABDEA B D E have area 168168, triangles ABDA B D and ACDA C D (which are each half a parallelogram) both have area 8484. Thus, BB and CC are the same height away from ADA D, and since ABCDEFA B C D E F is convex, BB and CC are on the same side of ADA D. Thus, BCB C is parallel to ADA D, and ABCDA B C D is a trapezoid. In particular, we have that the area of ABGA B G equals the area of CDGC D G. Letting this quantity be xx, we have that the area of BCGB C G is x10x-10, and the area of ADGA D G is 84x84-x. Then notice that [ABG][CBG]=AGGC=[ADG][CDG]\frac{[A B G]}{[C B G]}=\frac{A G}{G C}=\frac{[A D G]}{[C D G]}. This means that xx10=84xx\frac{x}{x-10}=\frac{84-x}{x}. Simplifying, we have x247x+420=0x^{2}-47 x+420=0; this has solutions x=12x=12 and x=35x=35. The area of ABCDEFA B C D E F is twice the area of trapezoid ABCDA B C D, or 2[x+(x10)+(84x)+x]=4x+1482[x+(x-10)+(84-x)+x]=4 x+148; choosing x=12x=12, we get that the smallest possible area is 48+148=19648+148=196.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.