In triangle the circumcircle has radius and center and the incircle has radius and center . Let denote the centroid of triangle . Prove that if and only if or .
Solution
Let , , . Without loss of generality we may assume that . Let be the midpoint of , and let , , and be the orthogonal projections of , and on .

We have
and because
we have
We conclude that is equivalent to coincides to , that is . The last relation is equivalent to
or
and the conclusion follows.
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