Problem:
A six digit (decimal) number has six different digits, none of them , and is divisible by . Show that you can obtain at least other numbers which are divisible by by permuting the digits.
Problem:
A six digit (decimal) number has six different digits, none of them , and is divisible by . Show that you can obtain at least other numbers which are divisible by by permuting the digits.
Solution:
Suppose the digits are and that is divisible by . We claim that is also divisible by . Put and . The original number is and the derived number is . But divides and hence also and . So it also divides , which proves the claim.
Iterating, we get the original number and others:
a1a2a3a4a5a6
a2a3a4a5a6a1
a3a4a5a6a1a2
a4a5a6a1a2a3
a5a6a1a2a3a4
a6a1a2a3a4a5
Similarly, we have that , so is also divisible by . Iterating we get:
a1a2a6a4a5a3
a2a6a4a5a3a1
a6a4a5a3a1a2
a4a5a3a1a2a6
a5a3a1a2a6a4
a3a1a2a6a4a5
Similarly, we could swap the first term and the fourth to get:
a4a2a3a1a5a6
a2a3a1a5a6a4
a3a1a5a6a4a2
a1a5a6a4a2a3
a5a6a4a2a3a1
a6a4a2a3a1a5
or the second and the fifth to get:
a1a5a3a4a2a6
a5a3a4a2a6a1
a3a4a2a6a1a5
a4a2a6a1a5a3
a2a6a1a5a3a4
a6a1a5a3a4a2