Find all pair of primes such that is divisible by .
Solution
Clearly, . So we may assume that without loss of generality. Assume that . Then since
the only possible prime for is . Furthermore, satisfies the above condition. Now we assume that both and are odd primes. Since , is divisible by and . On the other hand, Fermat's Little Theorem says
If , then . Hence or . Therefore
which is a contradiction. Assume that , that is, . In this case we have
which is again a contradiction.
Therefore or is the only pair of primes satisfying the above condition.
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