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Geometry Difficulty 8.4 Shortlist Prove it Turkey

Points AA, BB, CC are given on a semicircle. The line which is tangent to the semicircle at AA intersects the line of the diameter at MM, and the line which is tangent to the semicircle at BB intersects the line of the diameter at NN. The line which passes through AA and is perpendicular to the diameter intersects NCNC at RR, and the line which passes through BB and is perpendicular to the diameter intersects MCMC at SS. The line RSRS intersects the line of the diameter at ZZ. Show that ZCZC is tangent to the semicircle.

Solution

In the solution, we use directed lengths on the line of the diameter. Let AA', BB', CC' be the feet of the perpendiculars dropped onto the diameter from AA, BB, CC. We have
ZBZA=SBRA=SBCCCCRA=MBMCNCNA \frac{ZB'}{ZA'} = \frac{|SB'|}{|RA'|} = \frac{|SB'|}{|CC'|} \cdot \frac{|CC'|}{|RA'|} = \frac{MB'}{MC'} \cdot \frac{NC'}{NA'}
Now let OA=aOA' = a, OB=bOB' = b and OC=cOC' = c, thus we have OM=r2/aOM = r^2/a and ON=r2/bON = r^2/b where rr is the radius of the semicircle. In this notation, the above equality reads
OZbOZa=r2/abr2/acr2/bcr2/ba=r2/cbr2/ca \frac{OZ - b}{OZ - a} = \frac{r^2/a - b}{r^2/a - c} \cdot \frac{r^2/b - c}{r^2/b - a} = \frac{r^2/c - b}{r^2/c - a}
Now since aba \neq b, one has OZ=r2/cOZ = r^2/c which shows that ZCZC is tangent to the semicircle.

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