GeometryDifficulty 7.7National Olympiad, round 2Prove itHong Kong
Let a=BC, b=CA and c=AB be respectively the lengths of a triangle ABC; ia,ib,ic be respectively the lengths of the angle bisectors from A,B and C. Let R be the circumradius of the triangle. Prove that aia+bib+cic<9R2.
Solution
Let D be the intersection point of the internal angle bisector of ∠BAC and BC. By the angle bisector theorem, we have CDBD=bc, hence BD=b+cacandCD=b+cab. By Stewart's theorem, we have ia2=a1(b2⋅b+cac+c2⋅b+cab)−b+cac⋅b+cab=(b+c)2bc((b+c)2−a2)=(b+c)24bcs(s−a), where s is the semiperimeter of △ABC. Now, by the AM-GM inequality, since s=s−a, we have ia=b+c2bc⋅s(s−a)<b+c2bc⋅2s+(s−a)=bc≤2b+c. Similarly, we have ib<2c+a and ic<2a+b. Therefore, we have aia+bib+cic<ab+bc+ca≤a2+b2+c2. This is bounded above by 9R2 since 9R2−(a2+b2+c2)=OH2, where O and H are the circumcentre and orthocentre of △ABC respectively.
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