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Brazilian Mathematical Olympiad

Geometry Difficulty 5.7 AIME, harder Prove it Brazil

ABCABC is a triangle. DD is the midpoint of ABAB, EE is a point on the side BCBC such that BE=2ECBE = 2EC and ∠ADC=∠BAE\angle ADC = \angle BAE. Find ∠BAC\angle BAC.

Solution

Let FF be the midpoint of BEBE. Thus DFDF and AEAE are parallel. Let MM be the intersection point of AEAE and CDCD.

Figure 1

EE is the midpoint of CFCF. Since MEME is parallel to DFDF, by Thales theorem DM=MCDM = MC. But triangle ADMADM is isosceles, so AM=DM=MCAM = DM = MC and triangle AMCAMC is isosceles as well. Let α=∠ADC=∠BAE\alpha = \angle ADC = \angle BAE. Then ∠AMC=2α\angle AMC = 2\alpha and ∠MAC=90∘−α\angle MAC = 90^\circ - \alpha and, consequently, ∠BAC=∠DAM+∠MAC=α+90∘−α=90∘\angle BAC = \angle DAM + \angle MAC = \alpha + 90^\circ - \alpha = 90^\circ.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.