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Geometry Difficulty 4.5 AIME Prove it Estonia

Let DD and EE be the midpoints of sides ABAB and ACAC, respectively, of a triangle ABCABC. Prove that the line ABAB is tangent to the circumcircle of the triangle BECBEC if and only if the line ACAC is tangent to the circumcircle of the triangle BEDBED.

Solutions — 2

Solution 1

The conditions of the problem imply that DEDE is the midsegment parallel to the side BCBC of the triangle ABCABC (Fig. 30).

Figure 1

By properties of inscribed angle, the line ABAB is tangent to the circumcircle of the triangle BECBEC if and only if ECB=DBE\angle ECB = \angle DBE, and the line ACAC is tangent to the circumcircle of the triangle BEDBED if and only if DBE=AED\angle DBE = \angle AED. But ECB=AED\angle ECB = \angle AED since the lines DEDE and BCBC are parallel, whence validity of either of these two equalities implies validity of the other one.

Solution 2

By powers, the line ABAB is tangent to the circumcircle of the triangle BECBEC if and only if AB2=AEACAB^2 = AE \cdot AC, and the line ACAC is tangent to the circumcircle of the triangle BEDBED if and only if AE2=ADABAE^2 = AD \cdot AB. As AB=2ADAB = 2AD and AC=2AEAC = 2AE, the equality AB2=AEACAB^2 = AE \cdot AC is equivalent to the equality 2AD2=AE22|AD|^2 = |AE|^2, as well as the equality AE2=ADABAE^2 = AD \cdot AB is equivalent to the equality AE2=2AD2AE^2 = 2AD^2. Hence both conditions reduce to the same equality, which solves the problem.

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