We call an infinite set good if for all pairwise distinct integers , , , all positive divisors of are in . For all positive integers , prove that there exists a good set such that .
Solution
Let be the smallest prime divisor of .
Lemma. If , , such that we have
Proof. Assume the contrary, then there should be an integer such that and . Now consider two cases, if then by lifting the exponent lemma which is a contradiction. If then ( is multiplicative inverse of modulo ). But we know that and we have which is a contradiction.
Consider a set
now if , , and then by lemma we have and hence . Now it is enough to take . ■
Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track
puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.