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Saudi Arabian Mathematical Competitions

Geometry Difficulty 6.6 National Olympiad Prove it Saudi Arabia

Let ABCABC be an acute triangle with AB<ACAB < AC and inscribed in the circle (O)(O). Denote II as the incenter of ABCABC and D,ED, E as the intersections of AIAI with BC,(O)BC, (O) respectively. Take a point KK on BCBC such that ∠AIK=90∘\angle AIK = 90^\circ and KA,KEKA, KE meet (O)(O) again at M,NM, N respectively. The rays ND,NIND, NI meet the circle (O)(O) at Q,PQ, P.
1. Prove that the quadrilateral MPQEMPQE is a kite.

2. Take JJ on IOIO such that AK⊥AJAK \perp AJ. The line through II and perpendicular to OIOI cuts BCBC at RR, cuts EKEK at SS. Prove that OR∥JSOR \parallel JS.

Solution

First, we know that EI=EB=ECEI = EB = EC then EE is the circumcenter of triangle BICBIC. Thus KIKI is the tangent line of circle (BIC)(BIC). Hence,
KI2=KB⋅KC=KE⋅KN. KI^2 = KB \cdot KC = KE \cdot KN.
By combining with KIEKIE is right triangle, we get IN⊥KEIN \perp KE.
Figure 1
So PEPE is the diameter of circle (O)(O). We have △BDE∼△ABE\triangle BDE \sim \triangle ABE so
BEAE=DEBE⇒EA⋅ED=EB2=EI2=EN⋅EK \frac{BE}{AE} = \frac{DE}{BE} \Rightarrow EA \cdot ED = EB^2 = EI^2 = EN \cdot EK
Implies that ADNKADNK is cyclic. Thus ∠MAE=∠DNE\angle MAE = \angle DNE which leads to EM,EQEM, EQ are equal. Therefore, MPQEMPQE is a kite.

Since KI2=KM⋅KAKI^2 = KM \cdot KA, we get IM⊥AKIM \perp AK. Construct the diameter AA′AA' of (O)(O) then M,I,A′M, I, A' are collinear. Thus AJ∥IMAJ \parallel IM implies that AIA′JAIA'J is a parallelogram and then OO is the midpoint of IJIJ.

Since IOIO is the median of triangle IPEIPE so Ix,IO,IP,IEIx, IO, IP, IE form a harmonic quartet with Ix∥PEIx \parallel PE. Denote KyKy as the ray that perpendicular to IOIO then notice that KE⊥IP,KI⊥IE,KD⊥Ix,K,Ky⊥IOKE \perp IP, KI \perp IE, KD \perp Ix, K, Ky \perp IO so KD,Ky,KI,KEKD, Ky, KI, KE form another harmonic quartet. Since Ky∥RSKy \parallel RS then RR is the midpoint of OSOS. Therefore OROR is the midline of triangle IJSIJS which implies that OR∥JSOR \parallel JS.
□\Box

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