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Algebra Difficulty 5.6 AIME, harder Prove it Ukraine

Find positive integers a1,a2,,a2019a_1, a_2, \dots, a_{2019}, which satisfy the equation
a1+a2++a2019=a1a2a2019=201920192018. a_1 + a_2 + \dots + a_{2019} = a_1 a_2 \dots a_{2019} = \sqrt[2018]{2019^{2019}}.

Solution

From the Arithmetic mean - Geometric mean Inequality,
12019(a1+a2++a2019)a1a2a20192019, or(a1+a2++a2019)201920192019a1a2a2019. \frac{1}{2019}(a_1 + a_2 + \dots + a_{2019}) \ge \sqrt[2019]{a_1 a_2 \dots a_{2019}}, \text{ or} \\ (a_1 + a_2 + \dots + a_{2019})^{2019} \ge 2019^{2019} a_1 a_2 \dots a_{2019}.
From problem statement,
(a1+a2++a2019)2019=(201920192018)2019=(201920192018)2019==20192019201920192018=20192019a1a2a2019, (a_1 + a_2 + \dots + a_{2019})^{2019} = (\sqrt[2018]{2019^{2019}})^{2019} = (2019 \cdot \sqrt[2018]{2019})^{2019} = \\ = 2019^{2019} \cdot \sqrt[2018]{2019^{2019}} = 2019^{2019} a_1 a_2 \dots a_{2019},
Which means that in this Arithmetic mean - Geometric mean Inequality, equality holds, which is possible iff
a1=a2==a2019=12019201920192019=201920192019. a_1 = a_2 = \dots = a_{2019} = \frac{1}{\sqrt[2019]{2019 \cdot 2019^{2019}}} = \sqrt[2019]{2019^{2019}}.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.