Let be a -sided polygon with all its adjacent sides perpendicular to each other, i.e., all its internal angles are either or . If the lengths of its sides are odd integers, prove that its area is an even integer.
Solution
We may assume the sides are either parallel to the - or -axes and that the lowest horizontal sides are at the -axis. Start with a horizontal side that is on the -axis, go around the polygon in clockwise direction, label the horizontal sides and put an arrow on the side along the direction that you proceed. Each horizontal side forms a rectangle with the -axis whose height is the height of above the -axis and whose width is . If the arrow on points in the direction positive -axis, its area is positive. Otherwise it is negative. The area of is the absolute value of
Since the side lengths are all odd, and for , have opposite parities. Hence there are terms which are odd. Therefore the area is even.
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