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Geometry Difficulty 6.3 National olympiad Prove it Iran

Consider a triangle ABC\triangle ABC with circumcenter OO and incenter II. The incircle touches sides BCBC, CACA and ABAB at DD, EE and FF, respectively. Let KK be a point such that KFKF is tangent to circumcircle of BFD\triangle BFD and KEKE is tangent to circumcircle of CED\triangle CED. Prove that BCBC, OIOI and AKAK are concurrent.

Solution

Note that
XBXC=sinXOBsinXOC=sinIOBsinIOC. \frac{XB}{XC} = \frac{\sin \angle XOB}{\sin \angle XOC} = \frac{\sin \angle IOB}{\sin \angle IOC}.
Which is equivalent to
sin(C2)sin(BA2)sin(BA2)sin(C2). \frac{\sin\left(\frac{\angle C}{2}\right)}{\sin\left(\frac{|\angle B - \angle A|}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin\left(\frac{|\angle B - \angle A|}{2}\right)}{\sin\left(\frac{\angle C}{2}\right)}.
Using Ceva's theorem in triangle BOC\triangle BOC for point II. Now, by the Ratio lemma, we have
YBYC=cbsinYABsinYAC=cbsinKAFsinKAE. \frac{YB}{YC} = \frac{c}{b} \cdot \frac{\sin \angle YAB}{\sin \angle YAC} = \frac{c}{b} \cdot \frac{\sin \angle KAF}{\sin \angle KAE}.
By Ceva's theorem in AEF\triangle AEF for point KK, we have
sinKAFsinKAE=sinKEFsinKEAsinKFAsinKFE=sin(90B2)sin(90C2)sin(B2)sin(C2). \frac{\sin \angle KAF}{\sin \angle KAE} = \frac{\sin \angle KEF}{\sin \angle KEA} \cdot \frac{\sin \angle KFA}{\sin \angle KFE} = \frac{\sin(90^\circ - \frac{\angle B}{2})}{\sin(90^\circ - \frac{\angle C}{2})} \cdot \frac{\sin(\frac{\angle B}{2})}{\sin(\frac{\angle C}{2})}.
So we have just to prove that
cbsin(90B2)sin(90C2)=sin(C2)sin(B2)    sinCsinBcos(B2)cos(C2)=sin(C2)sin(B2). \begin{gather*} \frac{c}{b} \cdot \frac{\sin(90^\circ - \frac{\angle B}{2})}{\sin(90^\circ - \frac{\angle C}{2})} = \frac{\sin(\frac{\angle C}{2})}{\sin(\frac{\angle B}{2})} \\ \iff \frac{\sin \angle C}{\sin \angle B} \cdot \frac{\cos(\frac{\angle B}{2})}{\cos(\frac{\angle C}{2})} = \frac{\sin(\frac{\angle C}{2})}{\sin(\frac{\angle B}{2})}. \end{gather*}
Which is obviously true since sinx=2sin(x2)cos(x2)\sin x = 2 \sin(\frac{x}{2}) \cos(\frac{x}{2}).

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.