Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 5.6 AIME, harder Prove it United States

Problem:

Four cars AA, BB, CC, and DD travel at constant speeds on the same road (not necessarily in the same direction). Car AA passed BB and CC at 8am and 9am, respectively, and met DD at 10am. Car DD met BB and CC at 12pm12 \mathrm{pm} and 2pm2 \mathrm{pm}, respectively. Determine at what time BB passed CC. (The times given are within a single day.)

Solution

Solution:

Draw lines AA, BB, CC, DD to graph the movement of the four cars, with time on the xx-axis and distance on the yy-axis, and let (XY)(X Y) be the point where lines XX and YY meet. Then (AC)(A C) is the midpoint of the line from (AB)(A B) to (AD)(A D), and (DB)(D B) is the midpoint of the line from (DA)(D A) to (DC)(D C). Thus, (BC)(B C) is the intersection of two medians of the triangle with vertices at (AB)(A B), (AD)(A D), and (DC)(D C), so it is the centroid. But this means the distance from (AC)(A C) to (BC)(B C) is half the distance from (BC)(B C) to (CD)(C D). Since AA meets CC at 9 am and CC meets DD at 2pm2 \mathrm{pm}, the time between these meetings is 5 hours. The meeting of CC and BB occurs 1/31/3 of the way from the first meeting to the second, i.e. 5/35/3 hours after AA meets CC, or at 10:40am.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.