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Geometry Difficulty 5.4 AIME, harder Prove it Serbia

Given is a cyclic quadrilateral ABCDABCD. Points M,N,PM, N, P and QQ are the midpoints of sides DA,AB,BCDA, AB, BC and CDCD, respectively, and point EE is the intersection of diagonals ACAC and BDBD. The circles circumscribed about EMN\triangle EMN and EPQ\triangle EPQ intersect at a point FEF \neq E. Prove that EFACEF \perp AC holds.

Solution

Solution:

Triangles EABEAB and EDCEDC are similar, and so are triangles EBNEBN and ECQECQ. Therefore, in directed angles it holds that MFE= MNE= BEN= QEC= EQM\text{MFE= MNE= BEN= QEC= EQM}. Analogously it holds that QFE= EMQ\text{QFE= EMQ}, from which it follows that FF is the orthocenter of triangle EMQEMQ. Hence, EFQMACEF \perp QM \| AC.

Second solution. Consider the translation T\mathcal{T} by the vector 12AC\frac{1}{2} \overrightarrow{AC}. It holds that T(M)=\mathcal{T}(M)=
Figure 1
QQ and T(N)=P\mathcal{T}(N)=P; denote T(E)=E\mathcal{T}(E)=E^{\prime}. From the similarity of triangles AEDAED and BECBEC it follows that AEMBEP\triangle AEM \sim \triangle BEP, whence QE E= EMQ= MEA= BEP= QPE\text{QE E= EMQ= MEA= BEP= QPE}, so point EE^{\prime} lies on the circle PEQPEQ. Therefore, the translation T\mathcal{T} maps the circle MENMEN into the circle PEQPEQ, so the line joining their centers is parallel to ACAC, from which the claim follows.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement translated into English from sr; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.