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Algebra Difficulty 3.3 AMC 10/12 Prove it Turkey

Prove that
a2b2(a2+b22)(a+b)(ab1) a^2 b^2 (a^2 + b^2 - 2) \geq (a + b)(ab - 1)
for all positive real numbers aa and bb.

Solution

Let p=abp = ab and s=a+bs = a + b. We want to show that p2(s22p2)s(p1)p^2(s^2 - 2p - 2) \ge s(p-1), or equivalently, p2s2(p1)s2p2(p+1)0p^2s^2 - (p-1)s - 2p^2(p+1) \ge 0 when s24p>0s^2 \ge 4p > 0.
If 0<p10 < p \le 1, then p2s(p1)p22p+(1p)>0p^2s - (p-1) \ge p^2 \cdot 2\sqrt{p} + (1-p) > 0, and if p1p \ge 1, then p2s(p1)(p22pp)+1>0p^2s - (p-1) \ge (p^2 \cdot 2\sqrt{p} - p) + 1 > 0. Therefore,
p2s2(p1)s2p2(p+1)=s(p2s(p1))2p2(p+1)2p(p22pp+1)2p2(p+1)=2p32pp2p2+2p=2p(p1)(pp1)0. \begin{align*} p^2 s^2 - (p-1)s - 2p^2(p+1) &= s(p^2s - (p-1)) - 2p^2(p+1) \\ &\ge 2\sqrt{p}(p^2 \cdot 2\sqrt{p} - p + 1) - 2p^2(p+1) \\ &= 2p^3 - 2p\sqrt{p} - 2p^2 + 2\sqrt{p} \\ &= 2\sqrt{p}(p-1)(p\sqrt{p} - 1) \\ &\ge 0. \end{align*}

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