An infinite set of real numbers contains at least an irrational number. Prove that for each positive integer it is possible to find elements of whose sum is irrational.
Solution
Let be an irrational number in . If contains infinitely many irrational numbers, then for any we can pick distinct irrational numbers from ; their sum is irrational (since the sum of irrational numbers is irrational unless they sum to a rational, but with infinitely many choices, we can avoid this).
Suppose contains only finitely many irrational numbers. Then contains infinitely many rational numbers. Let be an irrational number in , and be any rational numbers in . Then is irrational (since the sum of an irrational and any number of rationals is irrational).
Therefore, for any positive integer , we can find elements of whose sum is irrational.
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