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Olimpiada Matemática del Cono Sur

Geometry Difficulty 4.5 AIME Prove it Argentina

Let ABCABC be an acute-angled triangle with ∠BAC=60°\angle BAC = 60°, incenter II and circumcenter OO. Let O′O' be the point diametrically opposed to OO on the circumcircle of the triangle BOCBOC. Prove that
IO′=BI+IC. IO' = BI + IC.

Solution

By considering the inscribed angle ∠BAC\angle BAC in the circumcircle of the triangle ABCABC, we have that ∠BOC=2⋅∠BAC=120∘\angle BOC = 2 \cdot \angle BAC = 120^\circ; then, ∠BO′C=60∘\angle BO'C = 60^\circ. Since OO is a point of the perpendicular bisector of BCBC, then O′O' is also on this line. Therefore, the triangle BO′CBO'C is equilateral.

On the other hand, we have that ∠BIC=90∘+12∠BAC=120∘\angle BIC = 90^\circ + \frac{1}{2} \angle BAC = 120^\circ. It follows that II is on the circumcircle of BOCBOC. By applying Ptolemy's theorem to the quadrilateral BICO′BICO', we obtain:
IO′⋅BC=BI⋅O′C+CI⋅O′B IO' \cdot BC = BI \cdot O'C + CI \cdot O'B
and, recalling that BC=O′C=O′BBC = O'C = O'B, we conclude that
IO′=BI+CI. IO' = BI + CI.

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