Maths Olympiad Prep

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Combinatorics Difficulty 4.9 AIME Prove it United States

Problem:

Alberto, Bernardo, and Carlos are collectively listening to three different songs. Each is simultaneously listening to exactly two songs, and each song is being listened to by exactly two people. In how many ways can this occur?

Solution

Solution:

Answer: 66

We have (32)=3\binom{3}{2} = 3 choices for the songs that Alberto is listening to. Then, Bernardo and Carlos must both be listening to the third song. Thus, there are 22 choices for the song that Bernardo shares with Alberto. From here, we see that the songs that everyone is listening to are forced. Thus, there are a total of 3×2=63 \times 2 = 6 ways for the three to be listening to songs.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.