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Geometry Difficulty 6.2 National Olympiad Prove it Italy

ABCDABCD is a tetrahedron with the following property: denoting by AA', BB', CC', DD', respectively, the incenters of the faces BCDBCD, ACDACD, ABDABD and ABCABC, it holds that the lines AAAA', BBBB', CCCC' and DDDD' have a common point. Prove that the product of the lengths of two opposite edges of the tetrahedron is constant, that is, that ABCD=ACBD=ADBCAB \cdot CD = AC \cdot BD = AD \cdot BC.

Solution

Solution:

Let PP be the point of intersection of the lines AAAA', BBBB', CCCC', DDDD', and consider the plane Π\Pi passing through AA, PP, BB. Since Π\Pi contains the lines APAP and BPBP, it contains the points AA', BB', which lie on such lines; thus, denoting by AKAK the bisector of the angle at AA in the triangle ADCADC and by BLBL the bisector of the angle at BB in the triangle BCDBCD, we have that the points KK and LL also belong to Π\Pi, since the lines AAAA' and BBBB' (which contain these points) do. On the other hand, the line CDCD is not contained in the plane Π\Pi (otherwise the tetrahedron would be degenerate); it contains KK and LL and has at most one point of intersection with the plane, so KK and LL coincide. From this it obviously follows that DK:KC=DL:LCDK : KC = DL : LC; but, by the angle bisector theorem, DK:KC=AD:ACDK : KC = AD : AC and DL:LC=BD:BCDL : LC = BD : BC, whence AD:AC=BD:BCAD : AC = BD : BC, that is ADBC=ACBDAD \cdot BC = AC \cdot BD. The same reasoning applied to the plane through BB, PP, CC gives ABCD=ACBDAB \cdot CD = AC \cdot BD, whence the thesis.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement translated into English from it; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.