Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 5.7 AIME, harder Prove it Russia

The circle ω\omega is circumscribed about an acute-angled triangle ABCABC. Points DD and EE are chosen on the sides ABAB and BCBC, respectively, so that ACDEAC \parallel DE. Points PP and QQ are chosen on the smaller arc ACAC of ω\omega so that DPEQDP \parallel EQ. Rays QAQA and PCPC meet DEDE at XX and YY, respectively. Prove that XBY+PBQ=180\angle XBY + \angle PBQ = 180^\circ. (A. Kuznetsov)

Окружность ω\omega описана около остроугольного треугольника ABCABC. Точки DD и EE выбраны на сторонах ABAB и BCBC соответственно так, что ACDEAC \parallel DE. Точки PP и QQ выбраны на меньшей дуге ACAC окружности ω\omega так, что DPEQDP \parallel EQ. Лучи QAQA и PCPC пересекают DEDE в точках XX и YY соответственно. Докажите, что XBY+PBQ=180\angle XBY + \angle PBQ = 180^\circ. (А. Кузнецов)

Solution

Since ABCQABCQ is cyclic and ACDEAC \parallel DE, we have BEX=BCA=BQA=BQX\angle BEX = \angle BCA = \angle BQA = \angle BQX. Therefore, XBEQXBEQ is cyclic; similarly, YBDPYBDP is also cyclic. Thus XBEQ=XEQ=DEQ\angle XBEQ = \angle XEQ = \angle DEQ and PBY=PDE\angle PBY = \angle PDE.

By the condition, DPEQDP \parallel EQ. Therefore, 180=PDE+DEQ=XBQ+PBY180^\circ = \angle PDE + \angle DEQ = \angle XBQ + \angle PBY.

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