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Russian Mathematical Olympiad

Geometry Difficulty 5.7 AIME, harder Prove it Russia

The circle ω\omega is circumscribed about an acute-angled triangle ABCABC. Points DD and EE are chosen on the sides ABAB and BCBC, respectively, so that AC∥DEAC \parallel DE. Points PP and QQ are chosen on the smaller arc ACAC of ω\omega so that DP∥EQDP \parallel EQ. Rays QAQA and PCPC meet DEDE at XX and YY, respectively. Prove that ∠XBY+∠PBQ=180∘\angle XBY + \angle PBQ = 180^\circ. (A. Kuznetsov)

Окружность ω\omega описана около остроугольного треугольника ABCABC. Точки DD и EE выбраны на сторонах ABAB и BCBC соответственно так, что AC∥DEAC \parallel DE. Точки PP и QQ выбраны на меньшей дуге ACAC окружности ω\omega так, что DP∥EQDP \parallel EQ. Лучи QAQA и PCPC пересекают DEDE в точках XX и YY соответственно. Докажите, что ∠XBY+∠PBQ=180∘\angle XBY + \angle PBQ = 180^\circ. (А. Кузнецов)

Solution

Since ABCQABCQ is cyclic and AC∥DEAC \parallel DE, we have ∠BEX=∠BCA=∠BQA=∠BQX\angle BEX = \angle BCA = \angle BQA = \angle BQX. Therefore, XBEQXBEQ is cyclic; similarly, YBDPYBDP is also cyclic. Thus ∠XBEQ=∠XEQ=∠DEQ\angle XBEQ = \angle XEQ = \angle DEQ and ∠PBY=∠PDE\angle PBY = \angle PDE.

By the condition, DP∥EQDP \parallel EQ. Therefore, 180∘=∠PDE+∠DEQ=∠XBQ+∠PBY180^\circ = \angle PDE + \angle DEQ = \angle XBQ + \angle PBY.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.