Problem:
Find all functions such that
for all in . (Here denotes the set of all real numbers.)
Solution
Solution:
Taking in (1), we get for all . Hence we obtain .
Taking in (1), we get
Similarly in (1) gives
Putting in (3), we get
Now using (2) and (4), we obtain
Put in (3) also given
Comparing (5) and (6), it follows that . If , then , for some constant . Since , we have for as well. Substituting this in (1), we see that
or
This implies that . Hence or . We obtain for all or for all . It is easy to verify that these two are solutions of the given equation.
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