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Saudi Arabian Mathematical Competitions

Geometry Difficulty 6.5 National Olympiad Prove it Saudi Arabia

Circles ω1\omega_{1} and ω2\omega_{2} meet at PP and QQ. Segments ACAC and BDBD are chords of ω1\omega_{1} and ω2\omega_{2} respectively, such that segment ABAB and ray CDCD meet at PP. Ray BDBD and segment ACAC meet at XX. Point YY lies on ω1\omega_{1} such that PY∥BDPY \parallel BD. Point ZZ lies on ω2\omega_{2} such that PZ∥ACPZ \parallel AC. Prove that points Q,X,Y,ZQ, X, Y, Z are collinear.

Solution

Because quadrilateral BPDQBPDQ is cyclic, we have ∠PQD=∠PBD\angle PQD = \angle PBD. Because quadrilateral ACQPACQP is cyclic, we have ∠PQC=180∘−∠CAP\angle PQC = 180^{\circ} - \angle CAP. We deduce that
∠DQC=∠PQC−∠PQD=180∘−∠CAP−∠PBD=180∘−∠XAB−∠ABX=∠BXA=∠DXA. \begin{aligned} \angle DQC & = \angle PQC - \angle PQD = 180^{\circ} - \angle CAP - \angle PBD \\ & = 180^{\circ} - \angle XAB - \angle ABX = \angle BXA = \angle DXA. \end{aligned}
This proves that quadrilateral CQDXCQDX is cyclic and therefore
∠XQC=∠XDC. \angle XQC = \angle XDC.
Because PAPA is parallel to DXDX, we have ∠YPC=∠XDC\angle YPC = \angle XDC. Because CQPYCQPY is cyclic, we have ∠YPC=∠YQC\angle YPC = \angle YQC. Therefore, ∠YQC=∠XQC\angle YQC = \angle XQC, which means that points Q,X,YQ, X, Y are collinear.

Figure 1

Because quadrilateral BPQZBPQZ is cyclic, we have ∠ZQB=∠ZPB\angle ZQB = \angle ZPB. Because lines PZPZ and ACAC are parallel, we have ∠ZPB=∠CAP\angle ZPB = \angle CAP.
Let C′C' be the second intersection point of line CQCQ with circle ω1\omega_{1}. Because quadrilateral ACQPACQP is cyclic, we have ∠C′QP=∠CAP\angle C'QP = \angle CAP. Therefore, ∠ZQB=∠C′QP\angle ZQB = \angle C'QP. We deduce, by cyclicity of quadrilaterals BPDQBPDQ and CQDXCQDX, that
∠ZQC′=∠BQP=∠BDP=∠XDC=∠XQC, \angle ZQC' = \angle BQP = \angle BDP = \angle XDC = \angle XQC,
which means that points Q,X,ZQ, X, Z are collinear.

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