Maths Olympiad Prep

Library / /8 of 43

Geometry Difficulty 5.1 AIME, harder Prove it JBMO

Problem:
Consider a triangle ABCA B C and let MM be the midpoint of the side BCB C. Suppose MAC=ABC\angle M A C=\angle A B C and BAM=105\angle B A M=105^{\circ}. Find the measure of ABC\angle A B C.

Solution

Solution:
The angle measure is 3030^{\circ}.

Figure 1
Let OO be the circumcenter of the triangle ABMA B M. From BAM=105\angle B A M=105^{\circ} follows MBO=15\angle M B O=15^{\circ}. Let M,CM', C' be the projections of points M,CM, C onto the line BOB O. Since MBO=15\angle M B O=15^{\circ}, then MOM=30\angle M O M'=30^{\circ} and consequently MM=MO2M M'=\frac{M O}{2}. On the other hand, MMM M' joins the midpoints of two sides of the triangle BCCB C C', which implies CC=MO=AOC C'=M O=A O.
The relation MAC=ABC\angle M A C=\angle A B C implies CAC A tangent to ω\omega, hence AOACA O \perp A C. It follows that ACOOCC\triangle A C O \equiv \triangle O C C', and furthermore OBACO B \parallel A C.
Therefore AOM=AOMMOM=9030=60\angle A O M=\angle A O M'-\angle M O M'=90^{\circ}-30^{\circ}=60^{\circ} and ABM=AOM2=30\angle A B M=\frac{\angle A O M}{2}=30^{\circ}.

Figure 1

Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.

Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.