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Algebra Difficulty 6.0 AIME, harder Prove it Greece

Let xx, yy, zz be positive real numbers such that x+y+z=9xyzx + y + z = 9xyz. Prove that:
xx2+2yz+2+yy2+2zx+2+zz2+2xy+21. \frac{x}{\sqrt{x^2 + 2yz + 2}} + \frac{y}{\sqrt{y^2 + 2zx + 2}} + \frac{z}{\sqrt{z^2 + 2xy + 2}} \geq 1.
When does the equality hold?

Solution

From the inequality 2yzy2+z22yz \le y^2 + z^2 we have that x2+2yz+2x2+y2+z2+2x^2 + 2yz + 2 \le x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + 2, so
xx2+2yz+2xx2+y2+z2+2 \frac{x}{\sqrt{x^2 + 2yz + 2}} \ge \frac{x}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + 2}}
Working similarly and adding we have that
xx2+2yz+2+yy2+2zx+2+zz2+2xy+2x+y+zx2+y2+z2+2 \frac{x}{\sqrt{x^2 + 2yz + 2}} + \frac{y}{\sqrt{y^2 + 2zx + 2}} + \frac{z}{\sqrt{z^2 + 2xy + 2}} \ge \frac{x+y+z}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + 2}}
Therefore, it suffices to prove that
x+y+zx2+y2+z2+21(x+y+z)2x2+y2+z2+2xy+yz+zx1 \frac{x+y+z}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2+2}} \ge 1 \Leftrightarrow (x+y+z)^2 \ge x^2+y^2+z^2+2 \Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx \ge 1
However, from the given condition we have 1xy+1yz+1zx=9\frac{1}{xy} + \frac{1}{yz} + \frac{1}{zx} = 9, and from the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality we have
(xy+yz+zx)(1xy+1yz+1zx)9, so xy+yz+zx1, which is the desired result. (xy + yz + zx) \left( \frac{1}{xy} + \frac{1}{yz} + \frac{1}{zx} \right) \ge 9, \text{ so } xy + yz + zx \ge 1, \text{ which is the desired result.}

2ºς τρόπος: Using Holder's inequality we have:
(cycxx2+2yz+2)(cycxx2+2yz+2)(cycx(x2+2yz+2))(x+y+z)3 \left( \sum_{cyc} \frac{x}{\sqrt{x^2 + 2yz + 2}} \right) \left( \sum_{cyc} \frac{x}{\sqrt{x^2 + 2yz + 2}} \right) \left( \sum_{cyc} x(x^2 + 2yz + 2) \right) \ge (x+y+z)^3
Therefore, it suffices to prove that
(x+y+z)3cycx(x2+2yz+2)1(x+y+z)3x3+y3+z3+6xyz+2(x+y+z)x3+y3+z3+3(x+y)(y+z)(z+x)x3+y3+z3+6xyz+2(9xyz)(x+y)(y+z)(z+x)8xyz \begin{aligned} \frac{(x+y+z)^3}{\sum_{cyc} x(x^2+2yz+2)} &\ge 1 \\ &\Leftrightarrow (x+y+z)^3 \ge x^3+y^3+z^3+6xyz+2(x+y+z) \\ &\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3+3(x+y)(y+z)(z+x) \ge x^3+y^3+z^3+6xyz+2(9xyz) \\ &\Leftrightarrow (x+y)(y+z)(z+x) \ge 8xyz \end{aligned}
but the last one holds since
x+y2xy,y+z2yz,z+x2zx. x + y \ge 2\sqrt{xy}, \quad y + z \ge 2\sqrt{yz}, \quad z + x \ge 2\sqrt{zx}.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.