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Geometry Difficulty 8.3 Shortlist Prove it Netherlands

Given is ABC\triangle ABC with circumcircle Γ\Gamma. Let MM be the midpoint of the arc BCBC of Γ\Gamma not containing AA. The vertex NN on Γ\Gamma is the antipode of AA. The line through BB perpendicular to AMAM intersects AMAM at DD and intersects Γ\Gamma a second time at PBP \neq B. The line through DD perpendicular to ACAC intersects ACAC at the vertex EE and intersects BCBC at the vertex FF.
Prove that NDND, MFMF and PEPE are concurrent.

Solution

We note the half of the angle at AA as α=12BAC=BAM=MAC\alpha = \frac{1}{2} \angle BAC = \angle BAM = \angle MAC, as MM is the midpoint of arc BCBC. Then we note that ABP=ABD=90DAB=90α\angle ABP = \angle ABD = 90^\circ - \angle DAB = 90^\circ - \alpha and that EDA=90DAE=90α\angle EDA = 90^\circ - \angle DAE = 90^\circ - \alpha. Moreover, because of the straight angle ADM\angle ADM, we find that PDE=180EDAMDP=180(90α)90=α\angle PDE = 180^\circ - \angle EDA - \angle MDP = 180^\circ - (90^\circ - \alpha) - 90^\circ = \alpha.

Now we define KK as the second intersection of the circumscribed circle of ADE\triangle ADE with Γ\Gamma (in addition to AA). Then we note that AKE=ADE=90α=ABP=AKP\angle AKE = \angle ADE = 90^\circ - \alpha = \angle ABP = \angle AKP, so KK, EE and PP are collinear. Similarly, AKD=180AED=90=AKN\angle AKD = 180^\circ - \angle AED = 90^\circ = \angle AKN, due to Thales because AA and NN are antipodes. So KK, DD and NN are collinear.

For the last line, we claim that BFDKBFDK is also a cyclic quadrilateral. Indeed, KBF=KBC=180KAC=180KAE=KDE=180KDF\angle KBF = \angle KBC = 180^\circ - \angle KAC = 180^\circ - \angle KAE = \angle KDE = 180^\circ - \angle KDF. (Note that this is in fact Miquel's theorem in CEF\triangle CEF and cyclic quadrilateral AKBCAKBC and DEAKDEAK.) From the inscribed angle theorem in cyclic quadrilateral BFDKBFDK, it follows that BKF=BDF=PDE=α=BAM=BKM\angle BKF = \angle BDF = \angle PDE = \alpha = \angle BAM = \angle BKM, so KK, FF and MM are collinear. We conclude that NDND, MFMF and PEPE are concurrent in vertex KK. \square

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