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Geometry Difficulty 6.3 National olympiad Prove it Saudi Arabia

Let ABCDABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral and triangles ACDACD, BCDBCD are acute. Suppose that the lines ABAB and CDCD meet at SS. Denote by EE the intersection of ACAC, BDBD. The circles (ADE)(ADE) and (BCE)(BCE) meet again at FF.

1. Prove that SFEFSF \perp EF.

2. The point GG is taken outside of the quadrilateral ABCDABCD such that triangle GABGAB and FDCFDC are similar. Prove that GA+FB=GB+FAGA + FB = GB + FA.

Solution

1) First, notice that AFB=AFE+BFE=ADB+ACB=AOB\angle AFB = \angle AFE + \angle BFE = \angle ADB + \angle ACB = \angle AOB, then A,F,O,BA, F, O, B are concyclic. Similarly, D,F,O,CD, F, O, C are also concyclic.

By considering three radical axes of three circles (O)(O), (ABOF)(ABOF), (CDFO)(CDFO), we can see that three lines ABAB, CDCD, FOFO are concurrent at SS which implies that S,F,OS, F, O are collinear. We have
EFO=AFOAFE=180ABOADB=180ABO12AOB=90. \begin{aligned} \angle EFO & = \angle AFO - \angle AFE = 180^\circ - \angle ABO - \angle ADB \\ & = 180^\circ - \angle ABO - \frac{1}{2} \angle AOB = 90^\circ . \end{aligned}
Then SFEFSF \perp EF.

Figure 1

2) Suppose that the angle bisectors of GAF\angle GAF, GBF\angle GBF intersect at II. We shall prove that I,E,FI, E, F are collinear. Indeed, we have
IAG=IAFGAB+IAB=IAE+EAFFDC+EDF+IAB=IAE+2EAFEDCIAE+IAB=2EAF2IAB=2EAFIAB=EAF \begin{aligned} & \angle IAG = \angle IAF \Leftrightarrow \angle GAB + \angle IAB = \angle IAE + \angle EAF \\ & \Leftrightarrow \angle FDC + \angle EDF + \angle IAB = \angle IAE + 2 \angle EAF \\ & \Leftrightarrow \angle EDC - \angle IAE + \angle IAB = 2 \angle EAF \\ & \Leftrightarrow 2 \angle IAB = 2 \angle EAF \Leftrightarrow \angle IAB = \angle EAF \end{aligned}
Hence, IAIA, EAEA are isogonal conjugate in angle BAF\angle BAF. Similarly, IBIB, EBEB are isogonal conjugate in angle ABF\angle ABF. Then IFIF, EFEF also are isogonal conjugate in angle AFB\angle AFB. But EFEF is the bisector of angle AFB\angle AFB then I,E,FI, E, F are collinear and IFIF is the angle bisector of AFB\angle AFB.

In quadrilateral GAFBGAFB, we have three internal angle bisectors are concurrent at II then this quadrilateral is circumscribed, which means GA+FB=GB+FAGA + FB = GB + FA. \square

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