Let ABCD be a square (vertices labelled in clockwise order). Let Z be any point on diagonal AC between A and C such that AZ>ZC. Points X and Y exist such that AXYZ is a square (vertices labelled in clockwise order) and point B lies inside AXYZ. Let M be the point of intersection of lines BX and DZ (extended if necessary). Prove that C, M and Y are collinear.
Solution
Solution:
Since Z lies on diagonal AC, we have ∠DAZ=45∘ and ∠ZAB=45∘. Therefore B lies on diagonal AY of square AXYZ and ∠BAX=45∘.
Since AB=AD and AX=AZ and ∠BAX=45∘=∠DAZ, we have congruent triangles △DAZ≡△BAX(SAS). Therefore let x=∠ZDA=∠XBA and y=∠AZD=∠AXB. By the angle sum in triangle DAZ we have ∠DAZ+∠AZD+∠ZDA=180∘. Therefore x+y=135∘. Now by the angle sum in quadrilateral DAXM we get ∠DAX+∠AXM+∠XMD+∠MDA=360∘. Therefore ∠BMD=90∘. Hence ABMCD is cyclic (the circle with diameter BD). Therefore ∠DMC=∠DAC=45∘. Also AXYMZ is cyclic (the circle with diameter XZ). Therefore ∠YMX=∠YAX=45∘. Hence ∠YMC=∠YMX+∠YMD+∠DMC=45∘+90∘+45∘=180∘ as required.
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