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Geometry Difficulty 6.1 National olympiad Prove it Belarus

Point MM is marked inside a convex quadrilateral ABCDABCD. It appears that AM=BMAM = BM, CM=DMCM = DM, and AMB=CMD=60\angle AMB = \angle CMD = 60^\circ. Let KK, LL, and NN be the midpoints of the segments BCBC, AMAM, and DMDM, respectively. Find the value of the angle LKNLKN.

(S. Mazanik)

Solution

Answer: 6060^\circ.

Let EE and FF be the midpoints of the segments BMBM and CMCM, respectively. Since AMB=CMD=60\angle AMB = \angle CMD = 60^\circ, we have
BMC=360AMBCMDLMN=3606060LMN==240LMN. \begin{aligned} \angle BMC &= 360^\circ - \angle AMB - \angle CMD - \angle LMN = 360^\circ - 60^\circ - 60^\circ - \angle LMN = \\ &= 240^\circ - \angle LMN. \end{aligned}
Since KFKF is the midline in the triangle CBMCBM, we have KFBMKF \parallel BM, therefore, KFC=BMC\angle KFC = \angle BMC. Then
KFM=180KFC=180BMC==180(240LMN)=LMN60. \begin{aligned} \angle KFM &= 180^\circ - \angle KFC = 180^\circ - \angle BMC = \\ &= 180^\circ - (240^\circ - \angle LMN) = \angle LMN - 60^\circ. \end{aligned}
By condition, CM=DMCM = DM and CMD=60\angle CMD = 60^\circ, so the triangle CMDCMD is equilateral. Since FNFN is the midline in the triangle CMDCMD, we see that the triangle FMNFMN is equilateral too and FM=NM=FNFM = NM = FN, MFN=60\angle MFN = 60^\circ. Therefore,
KFN=KFM+MFN=[MFN=60]=LMN60+60=LMN. \angle KFN = \angle KFM + \angle MFN = [\angle MFN = 60^\circ] = \angle LMN - 60^\circ + 60^\circ = \angle LMN.
In the same way, one can show that KEL=LMN\angle KEL = \angle LMN and EM=ML=ELEM = ML = EL. Thus, KEL=NFK=NML\triangle KEL = \triangle NFK = \triangle NML (by two sides and the angle between them), so KL=KN=LNKL = KN = LN. Therefore, the triangle KLNKLN is equilateral and LKN=60\angle LKN = 60^\circ.

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