Maths Olympiad Prep

Library / /11 of 41

Geometry Difficulty 5.1 AIME, harder Prove it New Zealand

Problem:
Let ABCDABCD be a trapezium such that ABCDAB \parallel CD. Let EE be the intersection of diagonals ACAC and BDBD. Suppose that AB=BEAB = BE and AC=DEAC = DE. Prove that the internal angle bisector of BAC\angle BAC is perpendicular to ADAD.

Solution

Solution:
First note that triangle ABEABE is isosceles because AB=BEAB = BE.

Figure 1

Let x=DECx = \angle DEC. Angle chasing gives:
x=DEC=BEA=EAB=ACD. x = \angle DEC = \angle BEA = \angle EAB = \angle ACD.
Therefore triangle CDECDE is isosceles. Hence DE=DCDE = DC. Since we are also given AC=DEAC = DE this implies AC=DCAC = DC. Therefore ACD\triangle ACD is isosceles. Since x=ACDx = \angle ACD this gives us
CDA=DAC=90x2 \angle CDA = \angle DAC = 90^\circ - \frac{x}{2}
Now let λ\lambda be the angle bisector of BAC\angle BAC. Since x=BACx = \angle BAC we know that λ\lambda makes an angle of 12BAC=x2\frac{1}{2} \angle BAC = \frac{x}{2} with line ACAC. Therefore the angle between λ\lambda and ADAD is
x2+DAC=x2+(90x2)=90 \frac{x}{2} + \angle DAC = \frac{x}{2} + \left(90^\circ - \frac{x}{2}\right) = 90^\circ
as required.

Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.

Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.