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Geometry Difficulty 6.7 National olympiad Prove it Iran

In triangle ABCABC, with AB<ACAB < AC, II is the incenter, EE is the intersection of AA-excircle, and BCBC. Point FF lies on the external angle bisector of BAC\angle BAC such that EE and FF lies on the same side of the line AIAI and AIF=AEB\angle AIF = \angle AEB. Point QQ lies on BCBC such that AIQ=90\angle AIQ = 90^\circ. Circle ωb\omega_b is tangent to FQFQ and ABAB at BB, circle ωc\omega_c is tangent to FQFQ and ACAC at CC and both circles are passing through the inside of triangle ABCABC. If MM is the midpoint of the arc BCBC, which does not contain AA, prove that MM lies on the radical axis of ωb\omega_b and ωc\omega_c.

Figure 1

Solution

Let in triangle ABCABC, points IaI_a, HH, and DD be the AA-excenter, foot of the altitude from AA, and foot of the angle bisector from AA, respectively. Since (AD,IIa)=1(AD, II_a) = -1 and AHD=90\angle AHD = 90^\circ, we have IHD=DHIa\angle IHD = \angle DHI_a. Further, AIHQAIHQ is cyclic, So QAI=IHD\angle QAI = \angle IHD, hence QAI=DHIa\angle QAI = \angle DHI_a and QAIIaHE\triangle QAI \sim \triangle I_aHE. We know AHEFAI\angle AHE \sim \angle FAI, therefore QIFIaEA\angle QIF \sim \angle I_aEA and we have
FQI=AIaE=IQB. \angle FQI = \angle AI_aE = \angle IQB.
Now let ω\omega be the circle centered at MM, has the radius MB=MCMB = MC, and XX and YY be the intersections of line FQFQ with ABAB and ACAC, respectively. Point II lies on the angle bisector of QYC\angle QYC, since II lies on the angle bisector of YQB\angle YQB and YCQ\angle YCQ. Therefore YY, II, and OcO_c are collinear, where OcO_c is the center of ωc\omega_c. Now we have
IOcC=9012QYC=12(YQC+YCQ)=IQB+ICB=12(BC)+12C=12B \begin{align*} \angle IO_cC = 90^\circ - \frac{1}{2}\angle QYC &= \frac{1}{2}(\angle YQC + \angle YCQ) = \angle IQB + \angle ICB \\ &= \frac{1}{2}(\angle B - \angle C) + \frac{1}{2}\angle C = \frac{1}{2}\angle B \end{align*}
Therefore OcO_c lies on ω\omega. Similarly we can show that ObO_b lies on ω\omega, where ObO_b is the center of ωb\omega_b. Notice that II is the AA-excenter of triangle AXYAXY so
ObIOc=YIX=9012A=BIaC, \angle O_b I O_c = \angle YIX = 90 - \frac{1}{2}\angle A = \angle B I_a C,
hence BOb=COcBO_b = CO_c. Finally
PωbM=MOb2ObB2=MOc2OcC2=PωcM, P_{\omega_b}^M = MO_b^2 - O_bB^2 = MO_c^2 - O_cC^2 = P_{\omega_c}^M,
we are done.

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