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Gara di Febbraio

Geometry Difficulty 4.7 AIME Find the answer Italy

Quadrilateral ABCDABCD has perpendicular diagonals. It is also known that AB=100AB=100, BC=120BC=120, CD=75CD=75. Determine the length of ADAD.

Pick one

Solution

The answer is (D)(\mathbf{D}). Let, as in the figure, KK be the meeting point of the diagonals, x1,x2x_{1}, x_{2} the lengths of the segments AK,KCAK, KC and y1,y2y_{1}, y_{2} those of the segments BK,KDBK, KD respectively. Since all the angles at KK are right angles, by the Pythagorean theorem we have
{x12+y12=AB2=1002y12+x22=BC2=1202x22+y22=CD2=752y22+x12=DA2 \left\{ \begin{array}{l} x_{1}^{2}+y_{1}^{2}=AB^{2}=100^{2} \\ y_{1}^{2}+x_{2}^{2}=BC^{2}=120^{2} \\ x_{2}^{2}+y_{2}^{2}=CD^{2}=75^{2} \\ y_{2}^{2}+x_{1}^{2}=DA^{2} \end{array} \right.

By adding the first and third equations and subtracting the second, we then obtain
DA2=y22+x12=(x12+y12)+(x22+y22)−(y12+x22)=1002+752−1202.DA^{2}=y_{2}^{2}+x_{1}^{2}=(x_{1}^{2}+y_{1}^{2})+(x_{2}^{2}+y_{2}^{2})-(y_{1}^{2}+x_{2}^{2})=100^{2}+75^{2}-120^{2}.

Figure 1

A simple calculation now gives the answer: DA2=1002+752−1202=52⋅(202+152−242)=52⋅(400+225−576)=52⋅49=52⋅72=352DA^{2}=100^{2}+75^{2}-120^{2}=5^{2} \cdot (20^{2}+15^{2}-24^{2})=5^{2} \cdot (400+225-576)=5^{2} \cdot 49=5^{2} \cdot 7^{2}=35^{2}. Finally, observe that the same answer is obtained even if the quadrilateral ABCDABCD is not convex: in that case, the point DD in the figure is replaced by the point D′D', its reflection with respect to KK, and the same reasoning can be applied.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement translated into English from it; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.