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Geometry Difficulty 6.3 National Olympiad Prove it Iran

Given the triangle ABCABC with orthocenter HH. The point SS is on the circumcircle of AHCAHC such that ASB=90\angle ASB = 90^\circ. The point PP on the ray ACAC is such that APS=BAS\angle APS = \angle BAS. Prove that the circumcircle of BPCBPC, the line CSCS, and the circle with the diameter ACAC, has another common point different from CC.

Solution

Let DD be the foot of altitude from AA. According to the statement of the problem, ASDBASDB is cyclic. Then SDC=SAB=APS\angle SDC = \angle SAB = \angle APS. Therefore, CSDPCSDP would also be cyclic. Let BCBC meet the circumcircle of AHDAHD for the second time at EE. Since AEC=AHC=180B\angle AEC = \angle AHC = 180^\circ - \angle B. Thus, AB=AEAB = AE and DD is the midpoint of BEBE. That is, SED=SAP=CS2\angle SED = \angle SAP = \frac{\angle CS}{2}, SDE=SPA\angle SDE = \angle SPA. Hence, SEDSPA\triangle SED \sim \triangle SPA. That is, SD/SP=DE/PASD/SP = DE/PA.

Figure 1

Let the circle with diameter ACAC and the circumcircle of BCPBCP meet for the second time at QCQ \neq C, it similarly follows that QBD=QPA=CQ2\angle QBD = \angle QPA = \frac{\angle CQ}{2}, QDB=QAP=CQ2\angle QDB = \angle QAP = \frac{\angle CQ}{2}. Hence, QBDQPA\triangle QBD \sim \triangle QPA. That is, DB/PA=QB/QPDB/PA = QB/QP. Since DE=DBDE = DB and (12) and (12), it follows that QB/QP=SD/SPQB/QP = SD/SP. Taking into account that BQPD,CSPDBQPD, CSPD are cyclic, it follows that BQP=DSP=180C\angle BQP = \angle DSP = 180^\circ - \angle C. Further, DSPBQP\triangle DSP \sim \triangle BQP. Then

Figure 1

SCB=SPD=QPB=QCB. \angle SCB = \angle SPD = \angle QPB = \angle QCB.

Thus, Q,S,CQ, S, C would be collinear. This completes our proof and we are finally done. ■

Figure 2

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