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Geometry Difficulty 5.4 AIME, harder Prove it Ireland

The four vertices of quadrilateral ABCDABCD lie on the circle with diameter ABAB. The diagonals of ABCDABCD intersect at EE, and the lines ADAD and BCBC intersect at FF. Line FEFE meets ABAB at KK and line DKDK meets the circle again at LL. Prove that CLCL is perpendicular to ABAB.

Solutions — 3

Solution 1

Figure 1
Note that ADB=90=ACB\angle ADB = 90^\circ = \angle ACB (angles in a semicircle). It follows that EE is the orthocentre of FAB\triangle FAB. Therefore FKFK is perpendicular to ABAB. It follows that ADEKADEK is cyclic. Therefore AEK=ADK\angle AEK = \angle ADK. Since ADK=ADL=ACL\angle ADK = \angle ADL = \angle ACL (same segment), we have AEK=ACL\angle AEK = \angle ACL which implies that EKEK is parallel to CLCL. Since EKEK is perpendicular to ABAB, this implies that CLCL is perpendicular to ABAB.

Solution 2

Because the angles ADB\angle ADB and ACB\angle ACB are right angles, EE is the orthocentre of triangle ABFABF and FKFK is perpendicular to ABAB. From the right angles BKF\angle BKF and BDF\angle BDF we see that BFDKBFDK is cyclic, hence KDB=KFB\angle KDB = \angle KFB. Because ABCDABCD was given to be cyclic, we have LAB=LDB\angle LAB = \angle LDB. The right angled triangles ABCABC and FKBFKB are similar as they share an angle at BB, and so KFB=BAC\angle KFB = \angle BAC. Together, this implies
LAB=LDB=KDB=KFB=BAC \angle LAB = \angle LDB = \angle KDB = \angle KFB = \angle BAC
and this means that ABAB is the angle bisector of LAC\angle LAC.

Figure 2
As a consequence, the right angled triangles ALB and ACB are congruent, which shows that triangle LAC is isosceles with |AL| = |AC|. It is a well known fact about isosceles triangles, which easily follows from ASA, that the angle bisector AB is perpendicular to the opposite side CL.

Solution 3

It is known that the altitudes of a triangle are the internal angle bisectors of its orthic triangle. Armed with this knowledge we proceed as follows.
Because the angles ADB\angle ADB and ACB\angle ACB are right angles, EE is the orthocentre of triangle ABFABF and FKFK is perpendicular to ABAB. Hence, CDKCDK is the orthic triangle of triangle ABFABF, which implies that BDBD is the angle bisector of KDC=LDC\angle KDC = \angle LDC.
Figure 3
Now we use the fact that an angle bisector in a triangle meets the perpendicular bisector of the opposite side on the circumcircle of that triangle. Applying this to triangle LDC we see that B is the point on the circumcircle where the angle bisector of LDC\angle LDC meets the perpendicular bisector of CL, which passes through the circumcentre O of triangle LDC. Hence, BO is perpendicular to CL.

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