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Geometry Difficulty 5.7 AIME, harder Prove it South Africa

Let ABIHABIH, BDECBDEC, and ACFGACFG be arbitrary rectangles constructed (externally) on the sides of triangle ABCABC. Choose point SS outside rectangle ABIHABIH (on the opposite side as triangle ABCABC) such that SHI=FAC\angle SHI = \angle FAC and HIS=EBC\angle HIS = \angle EBC. Prove that the lines FIFI, EHEH, and CSCS are concurrent.

Solution

Let T=EHFIT = EH \cap FI. Let KK and LL be the feet of the perpendiculars from AA to FIFI and from BB to EHEH, respectively. Then KK and LL are on the circumcircle Γ\Gamma of ABIHABIH. Note that KK is also on the circumcircle of ACFGACFG and LL is also on the circumcircle of BDECBDEC. Let CKCK extended intersect Γ\Gamma in MM, and let CLCL extended intersect Γ\Gamma in NN. Then the lines HMHM and ININ intersect in SS. [EBC=ELC=HLN=HIN][\angle EBC = \angle ELC = \angle HLN = \angle HIN]. But HIS=EBC\angle HIS = \angle EBC, so SS is on ININ. Similarly, SS is on HMHM.

Figure 1

Consider the self-crossing hexagon IKMHLNIKMHLN inscribed in the circle Γ\Gamma. By Pascal's Theorem, the points IKHL=TIK \cap HL = T, KMLN=CKM \cap LN = C, and MHNI=SMH \cap NI = S are collinear. This shows that TT is a point that belongs to all three lines FIFI, EHEH and CSCS, i.e., these lines are concurrent.

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