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, 2021

Number theory Difficulty 4.5 AIME Find the answer United States

The least positive integer with exactly 20212021 distinct positive divisors can be written in the form m6km \cdot 6^k, where mm and kk are integers and 66 is not a divisor of mm. What is m+km + k?

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Solution

The number of positive integer divisors of the positive integer whose prime factorization is p1e1p2e2pnenp_1^{e_1} p_2^{e_2} \cdots p_n^{e_n} equals (e1+1)(e2+1)(en+1)(e_1 + 1)(e_2 + 1) \cdots (e_n + 1). Because
2021=20254=45222=(45+2)(452)=4743, 2021 = 2025 - 4 = 45^2 - 2^2 = (45 + 2)(45 - 2) = 47 \cdot 43,
a number having 20212021 divisors must be of the form p2020p^{2020} or p46q42p^{46} \cdot q^{42}, where pp and qq are distinct primes. This is minimized by taking p=2p = 2 in the first case, and p=2p = 2 and q=3q = 3 in the second case. Because
246342<246442=246+242=2130<22020, 2^{46} \cdot 3^{42} < 2^{46} \cdot 4^{42} = 2^{46+2 \cdot 42} = 2^{130} < 2^{2020},
the least such positive integer is
246342=24242342=24642=16642. 2^{46} \cdot 3^{42} = 2^4 \cdot 2^{42} \cdot 3^{42} = 2^4 \cdot 6^{42} = 16 \cdot 6^{42}.
Therefore m+k=16+42=58m + k = 16 + 42 = 58.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.