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China Team Selection Test

Geometry Difficulty 8.6 Shortlist Prove it China

Let OO be the circumcenter of triangle ABCABC. HAH_A is the projection of AA onto BCBC. The extension of AOAO intersects the circumcircle of BOCBOC at A′A'. The projections of A′A' onto ABAB, ACAC are DD, EE, and OAO_A is the circumcenter of triangle DHAEDH_AE. Define HB,OB,HC,OCH_B, O_B, H_C, O_C similarly.
Prove: HAOAH_AO_A, HBOBH_BO_B, HCOCH_CO_C are concurrent.

Solution

Let TT be the symmetry point of AA with regard to BCBC, FF be the projection of A′A' onto BCBC, MM be the projection of TT onto ACAC.
Since AC=CTAC = CT, we have ∠TCM=2∠TAM\angle TCM = 2\angle TAM. Since
∠TAM=π2−∠ACB=∠OAB, we have \angle TAM = \frac{\pi}{2} - \angle ACB = \angle OAB, \text{ we have}
∠TCM=2∠OAB=∠A′OB=∠A′CF, and \angle TCM = 2\angle OAB = \angle A'OB = \angle A'CF, \text{ and}
∠TCHA=∠A′CF+∠A′CT=∠TCM+∠A′CT=∠A′CE. \angle TCH_A = \angle A'CF + \angle A'CT = \angle TCM + \angle A'CT = \angle A'CE.
Because ∠CHAT,∠CMT,∠CEA′,∠CFA′\angle CH_A T, \angle CMT, \angle CEA', \angle CFA' are right angles, therefore
CHACM=CHACT⋅CTCM=cos⁡∠TCHAcos⁡∠TCM=cos⁡∠A′CEcos⁡∠A′CF=CECA′⋅CA′CF=CECF, \frac{CH_A}{CM} = \frac{CH_A}{CT} \cdot \frac{CT}{CM} = \frac{\cos \angle TCH_A}{\cos \angle TCM} = \frac{\cos \angle A'CE}{\cos \angle A'CF} = \frac{CE}{CA'} \cdot \frac{CA'}{CF} = \frac{CE}{CF},
i.e. CHA⋅CF=CM⋅CECH_A \cdot CF = CM \cdot CE, so HA,F,M,EH_A, F, M, E are on the same circle ω1\omega_1.

Figure 1

Similarly, let NN be the projection of TT onto ABAB, then HA,F,N,DH_A, F, N, D are on the same circle ω2\omega_2. Since A′FHATA'FH_A T and A′EMTA'EMT are both right trapezoids, the perpendicular bisector of the segments HAFH_AF and EMEM meet at the midpoint KK of the segment A′TA'T, i.e. KK is the center of circle ω1\omega_1, KFKF is the radius of circle ω1\omega_1. Similarly, KK and KFKF are also the center and the radius of circle ω2\omega_2, respectively. Thus, ω1\omega_1 and ω2\omega_2 are the same, D,N,F,HA,E,MD, N, F, H_A, E, M are on the same circle. So OAO_A is the midpoint KK of A′TA'T, OAHA∥AA′O_AH_A \parallel AA'.

Since ∠HCAO+∠AHCHB=π2−∠ACB+∠ACB=π2\angle H_CAO + \angle AH_CH_B = \frac{\pi}{2} - \angle ACB + \angle ACB = \frac{\pi}{2}, we have AA′⊥HBHCAA' \perp H_BH_C, thus OAHA⊥HBHCO_AH_A \perp H_BH_C, therefore OAHA,OBHB,OCHCO_AH_A, O_BH_B, O_CH_C all pass through the orthocenter of △HAHBHC\triangle H_AH_BH_C.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.