Find the average of all 5-digit numbers that satisfy the following:
* The number is of the form , that is, its third digit is zero;
* Digits are pairwise distinct;
* Both numbers , and are divisible by 7.
Solution
Let us rewrite the problem the following way: since is divisible by , then
Similarly, must be divisible by . Thus, and is divisible by , and similarly is divisible by . Therefore, there exist two pairs of nonzero digits, difference of which is divisible by . There are two such pairs: and . Clearly, the pair is not considered, since it contains zero, that already is one of the digits of the number. So, there are eight numbers that satisfy the conditions: , , , , , , and . Their average equals .
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