Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 8.1 Shortlist Prove it Turkey

Let PP be a point inside the triangle ABCABC satisfying PAC=PCB\angle PAC = \angle PCB and DD be the midpoint of the line segment PCPC. Let APAP intersect BCBC at EE and EDED intersect BPBP at QQ such that PP is on the line segment BQBQ. Prove that BAP+BCQ=180\angle BAP + \angle BCQ = 180^\circ.

Solution

Figure 1

Let the line passing through BB and parallel to PCPC intersect the line AEAE at FF and CQCQ at FF'. Let QDQD and BFBF intersect at KK. Since the triangles PECPEC and FEBFEB are similar, PD=DCPD = DC and D,E,KD, E, K are collinear, we obtain that KK is the midpoint of the line segment BFBF. On the other hand, since the triangles QPCQPC and QBFQBF' are similar, PD=DCPD = DC and Q,D,KQ, D, K are collinear, we also obtain that KK is the midpoint of the line segment BFBF'. Therefore the points FF and FF' must coincide. Since EAC=PCE=CBF\angle EAC = \angle PCE = \angle CBF, we conclude that the points A,B,F,CA, B, F, C are concyclic and hence BAF=BCF=180BCQ\angle BAF = \angle BCF = 180^\circ - \angle BCQ which finishes the proof.

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