In an acute triangle the feet of altitudes drawn from vertices A and B are D and E, respectively. Let M be the midpoint of side AB. Line CM intersects the circumcircle of CDE again in point P and the circumcircle of CAB again in point Q. Prove that
∣MP∣=∣MQ∣.
Solutions — 2
Solution 1
The orthocenter H of the triangle ABC is located on the circumcircle of the triangle CDE, because ∠HDC+∠HEC=90∘+90∘=180∘ (see fig. 35). Let α=∠BAC; then also ∠CHE=90∘−∠ECH=α. Therefore ∠MPE=180∘−∠CPE=180∘−∠CHE=180∘−α, from which we get that points A,M,P,E are concyclic. Analogously we see that points B,M,P,D are concyclic.
Point M is the circumcenter of the right triangle ABE. Therefore ∣ME∣=∣MA∣ and ∠MEA=α, due to which also ∠MPA=α. But since ∠MQB=∠CQB=∠CAB=α, we must have AP∥BQ. Analogously BP∥AQ.
Figure 35
In conclusion we get that APBQ is a parallelogram with diagonals AB and PQ. As the diagonals of a parallelogram divide each other in half, the desired claim follows.
Solution 2
Similarly to the previous solution we show that points A,M,P,E are located on one circle. Let u⋅v be the dot product of vectors u and v. Then AC⋅BC=AC⋅EC=MC⋅PC=MC⋅(MC−MP)=MC⋅MC−MC⋅MP.
On the other hand, AC⋅BC=(MC−MA)⋅(MC−MB)==MC⋅MC−MC⋅MB−MA⋅MC+MA⋅MB==MC⋅MC−MC⋅(MA+MB)+MA⋅MB.
In conclusion MC⋅MP=MC⋅(MA+MB)−MA⋅MB. But as M is the midpoint of AB, we have MA+MB=0, and due to choice of Q, we also have MA⋅MB=MC⋅MQ. Therefore MC⋅MP=−MC⋅MQ, meaning that
MC⋅(MP+MQ)=0.
As MP, MQ and MC have the same direction, the equality is true only if MP+MQ=0. Therefore ∣MP∣=∣MQ∣.
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